Jacques van der Merwe (centre) from the City of Cape Town teaches young scholars about wildlife and iNaturalist during the 2019 Cape Town City Nature Challenge Photo: Ismail Ebrahim

The Amazing Nature Race

Ready, steady … bioblitz! Will you help Cape Town defend its title as the winner of the global City Nature Challenge – or help your own city try to snatch it from them?

Megan Smith and Tony Rebelo

It rocks your world to realise you have just helped prove that you are living in the most biodiverse city on earth! We had planned our attempt at the unique City Nature Challenge as if we were trying to win a World Cup – not for sport but for working against the clock to catalogue Cape Town’s biodiversity.

At the end of April every year, the City Nature Challenge has members of the public around the world recording as much wildlife as they can within their city in just four days on the citizen-science, social-media platform iNaturalist. We found it was huge fun learning more about our city’s nature and competing with cities around the world to do it – and, of course, winning helps!

Last year was the first time that Cape Town competed, alongside 150 cities, including only two other African cities: Nairobi in Kenya and Port Harcourt in Nigeria. When the four-day competition timed out, we were thrilled to discover just how well we had done. Team Cape Town had racked up 4 587 species, itself about 15% up on the ambitious target set for us by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI).

That won us the title of most biodiverse city in the world. We had left trailing well behind us Hong Kong in second place with 3 596 species and Houston, USA, with 3 367.

Cape Town participants also recorded 53 775 observations, significantly above the 50 000 target. In this category, La Paz, Bolivia, was a distant second with 46 931 observations and San Diego, USA, third with 38 241.

It might sound like beginner’s luck that Cape Town walked off with the title at our first attempt but we were lucky to have a great strategy thanks to our organising team of City of Cape Town biodiversity branch and CREW (Custodians of Rare and Endangered Wildflowers) at SANBI. We believe that there could be great results coming out of other southern African cities and when it comes to more competition, we in Cape Town say bring it on!

“I enjoyed watching my CREW and iNaturalist friends stepping up and giving it their all,” recalls Petra Broddle, volunteer champion for the Blaauwberg Conservation Area CREW group. “We loved and laughed about the trauma of the identification phase, which I was unprepared for!”

Friends of Tokai Park heritage committee member and 2019 City Nature Challenge volunteer Alberta van Rooyen spotted the alien prickly moses (Acacia verticillata) during the challenge. She says: “It gives a warm feeling to non-ecologists when they [can] contribute to fynbos conservation by pointing out aliens.”

The 2020 City Nature Challenge runs from 24 to 27 April. Gaborone in Botswana has signed up as have four other SA cities including George, Nelson Mandela Bay, Durban and Tshwane, and a total of over 250 cities worldwide.

To help you make an impact on the City Nature Challenge leaderboard for your city, here are some of our key lessons from our 2019 experience …

Take plenty of photos to help confirm a plant’s identity. For this Wiborgia obcordata, that meant: (left) close-up of the flower showing the shape of bracts and sepals and how they are arranged; (top right) photo of the species in its natural habitat; (bottom right) another feature, such as this pod.

PIC TIPS FOR CITY NATURE CHALLENGE 2020

• Taking a clear picture of a species is vital because it must be identified from a photograph uploaded to iNaturalist.
• Remember to get in as close as you can and to use your zoom to fill the entire frame – a black dot cannot be identified!
• For plants, take at least three pictures: a close-up of a flower or fruit, ideally showing the front and back; a picture of a branch showing the arrangement and shape of the leaves on the stem; and a habitat shot showing the entire plant in the context of its environment.
• For insects, take at least three pictures: a close-up of the head showing the mouth parts and antennae; the entire creature showing the segments of the feet, thorax and abdomen; and one of it in its habitat. One of the pictures should have something to show the scale: a finger or ruler will do.
• There is no limit to the number of photographs, so take pictures of the underside, a side view, the texture of the shell or bark and so forth.

CREW volunteers bioblitz for plants at Tygerberg Nature Reserve Photo: Ismail Ebrahim

1. COLLABORATE TO BIOBLITZ

Collaborating with a large group of organisations and clubs contributed a lot to our success in the 2019 City Nature Challenge. The enthusiasm of organising team City of Cape Town biodiversity management branch and the Cape CREW team was infectious and pulled in other organisations such as various CREW and WESSA volunteer groups – plus 15 others!

To give you an idea of the breadth of support you can raise, these included: Southern Underwater Research Group (SURG), Scouts South Africa, Sun Valley Eco-Watch, Long-term Intertidal Monitoring through Participation, Evaluation and Training (LIMPET) Programme, FynbosLIFE, Cape Herpetology Club, Cape Flats Nature Reserve, South African National Parks (SANParks) Honorary Rangers, Kommetjie Environmental Awareness Group, Renew the Elsieskraal River Association, V&A Waterfront, World Wildlife Fund – South Africa, Botanical Society of South Africa Kirstenbosch Branch, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Freshwater Unit at SANBI, Cape Town Environmental Education Trust (CTEET), Two Oceans Aquarium, DSK German School, Communitree and the Cape Town Mountain Club.

Our 2020 City Nature Challenge will target even more stakeholders and we hope that organisations such as CapeNature, SANParks, Table Mountain Fund, Rotary South Africa, and the Beach Co-op will join in. Our aim is to unite conservation-driven organisations and institutes for a common cause. Cape Town’s biodiversity, although unique, is severely under threat and we need to innovate ways for the public to get involved in helping to preserve it.

2. BUILD PARTICIPATION

The one challenge category where Cape Town did not excel was the number of participants. Our largest gap was among the youth, including tertiary-education students and scholars. Since the City Nature Challenge is also an environmental education exercise, we are trying hard to involve students by running events with CTEET and tertiary institutions for biology clubs and students with biology majors so they can apply their theoretical knowledge while having fun.

3. SHOWCASE YOUR CITY

Each 2019 City Nature Challenge stakeholder and collaborator extensively marketed the challenge and the bioblitz events that they hosted. This marketing, along with fun prizes on offer for participants who excelled in the challenge, helped raise interest high and resulted in Cape Town beating its species and observation targets. In the longer term, it is also key to promoting and ultimately helping protect the city’s biodiversity.

For the 2019 City Nature Challenge, City of Cape Town libraries donated free WiFi access over the four days of the challenge for participants without internet access to upload observations. This also helped add to the publicity and buzz around the event.

4. BE PREPARED

Many people were unfamiliar with the iNaturalist app and were excited to discover how it enables quick and convenient observations without the hassle of dealing with a computer. The app’s online help includes video tutorials, guidelines, etiquette and instructions. We found, though, that the training workshops run by SANBI and City of Cape Town for both the organisations’ staff and volunteers helped generate camaraderie among participants.

For our 2020 City Nature Challenge, iNaturalist and photography training workshops led by SANBI and the City of Cape Town biodiversity branch will be posted on the iNaturalist Facebook page and as news on the project page. Keep checking for any updates.

5. SET UP YOUR BIOBLITZ

We found this a really effective and fun way to make observations for the challenge. Target your favourite open places in your city and make as many observations as possible. You can do this informally on your own, with your family and friends, or even as a fun office event.

Targeting a range of habitats for species variety is important and you can also join an organised bioblitz. These are usually led by a biologist or reserve manager, which helps make it a fun learning experience.

For the 2019 City Nature Challenge, our organised bioblitzes had themes such as rocky shores, forests, wildflowers, mushrooms, birding, snake and amphibian searches. They were led by some of our most highly regarded experts such as Drs Margo and George Branch, Drs Bryan and Robin Maritz, Cape Nature botanists, CREW leaders, and City of Cape Town Biodiversity Branch staff.

6. CELEBRATE YOUR ACHIEVEMENT

Wherever you finish on the leaderboard, you will have had a wonderful experience and contributed interesting data to understanding of your city’s biodiversity. At our celebration, we made sure that we acknowledged all the support we received from participating organisations and organised a prize-giving for participants. The top prizes of a weekend at Cape Nature or Montispectus for uploading the most observations and species went to CREW volunteers Magriet Brink and Helen Pickering.

ALL THE FUN OF NATURE

You can find the time and date of bioblitzes on the iNaturalist southern Africa Facebook page (@iNatureZA) and as news posts on each city’s 2020 City Nature Challenge iNaturalist project. If you are unsure about what events are happening in your local neighbourhood, check with your nearest nature reserve or city park to see what activities they are hosting. Keep track of the leaderboard.

CNC2019 and winning the title of the world’s most biodiverse city has boosted camaraderie among conservation organisations and spurred greater interest from the general public in local biodiversity. We wish all the cities participating an exciting and epic challenge. It is sure to be fun and exciting – don’t miss out and let’s try to make SA win the title again!

CITY NATURE CHALLENGE 2020: WHEN, WHERE, HOW

April 24-27 (Friday to Monday) 2020:

The actual challenge – all observations must be made over these four days.

April 28-May3 2020:

Uploading and identification of observations. This cuts off at midnight, 3 May 2020. Please join one of our identification parties if you are able to help identify plants, animals and fungi. The parties will focus on certain groups and show people what needs to be done. Anyone in the world can contribute to identifications and you can help any of our southern African cities.

Join the southern African City Nature Challenge entrants on iNaturalist:

Megan Smith and Dr Tony Rebelo work at SANBI’s threatened species unit in Cape Town. Contacts: M.Smith2@sanbi.org.za; T.Rebelo@sanbi.org.za.

This article was originally published in the March 2020 issue of Veld & Flora (Volume 106, Number 1) and is reproduced with kind permission.

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